What is Dry Eye Syndrome? Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

Dry eye syndrome is a common and often chronic condition that occurs when your eyes do not produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly, leading to a lack of adequate lubrication and moisture on the surface of your eyes. Understanding the causes of dry eye syndrome is the first step in managing this condition effectively.

Understanding the Causes of Dry Eye Syndrome

One of the key contributors to dry eye syndrome is a condition called Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD). The Meibomian glands are responsible for producing the oily layer of your tears, which helps prevent evaporation. When these glands become blocked or dysfunctional, the quality and quantity of your tears can be compromised, leading to dry eye symptoms.

Dry eye syndrome can also be caused by a variety of factors, both environmental and physiological. Some of the most common causes include:

Aging: As you get older, the production of tears can naturally decrease, leading to dry eyes.
Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations, such as those experienced during pregnancy, menopause, or certain medical conditions, can affect tear production.
Medications: Certain medications, including antihistamines, antidepressants, and blood pressure medications, can reduce tear production as a side effect.
Medical Conditions: Underlying health conditions, such as Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and thyroid disorders, can contribute to dry eye syndrome.
Environmental Factors: Factors like dry air, wind, smoke, and prolonged screen time can all exacerbate dry eye symptoms.

Common Symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome

The symptoms of dry eye syndrome can vary in severity and can significantly impact your daily life. Some of the most common symptoms include:

Dryness: A persistent feeling of dryness, discomfort, or irritation in your eyes.
Redness: Your eyes may appear red and inflamed due to the lack of adequate lubrication.
Burning or Stinging Sensation: You may experience a burning, stinging, or gritty feeling in your eyes.
Blurred Vision: Dry eyes can cause fluctuating or blurred vision, especially when performing tasks that require prolonged focus, such as reading or using digital screens.
Sensitivity to Light: Dry eyes can make your eyes more sensitive to bright lights or sunlight.
Excessive Tearing: Dry eyes can sometimes trigger a reflex response that produces excessive, watery tears.
Fatigue: Dry eye symptoms can lead to eye strain and fatigue, making it difficult to concentrate for extended periods.

It's important to recognize and address these symptoms, as they can significantly impact your quality of life and overall eye health.

Diagnosing Dry Eye Syndrome

Diagnosing dry eye syndrome requires a thorough eye examination conducted by an optometrist. The process begins with an evaluation of your medical history, where your doctor will inquire about your symptoms, any preexisting medical conditions, and medications that could contribute to dry eyes.

A visual examination of your eyes will be performed, using specialized instruments to assess the health of your tear film and the function of your Meibomian glands. To gain a more detailed understanding of your condition, your doctor may conduct various diagnostic tests. These tests can include a tear production test to measure how much moisture your eyes produce, a tear film break-up time test to evaluate the stability of your tear film, and corneal staining to check for any surface damage.

After gathering this information, your doctor will work to determine the underlying cause of your dry eye syndrome. Once your dry eye syndrome has been properly diagnosed, your eye care provider can recommend a treatment plan tailored to your individual needs. One innovative treatment option that has been gaining attention is the TempSure Envi system.

TempSure Envi is a non-invasive, thermal energy-based treatment that specifically targets Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD), a leading cause of dry eye syndrome. The treatment uses controlled radiofrequency (RF) energy to gently heat and unblock the Meibomian glands, allowing them to resume their normal function and produce a healthy tear film.

Schedule Your Dry Eye Evaluation with Palmetto Eye Care Today

Dry eye syndrome can be a frustrating and debilitating condition, but with the right understanding, diagnosis, and treatment, you can regain control and live a comfortable life. By addressing the underlying causes, managing your symptoms, and exploring personalized treatment options like the TempSure Envi system, you can find relief and enjoy improved eye health and overall quality of life.

If you're struggling with dry, irritated eyes, schedule a consultation Palmetto Eye Care. Dr. Zuba can provide a comprehensive evaluation, diagnose the underlying causes of your dry eye syndrome, and develop a personalized treatment plan to help you find relief and restore your eye health. Visit our office in Columbia, South Carolina, or call (803) 732-4166 to book an appointment today.